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THERAPEUTIC REVIEW

Inhaled Human [rDNA Origin] Insulin, a Novel Formulation for Diabetes Mellitus

David Q. Pham, PharmD, Henry Cohen, PharmD, FCCM and Valery Chu, PharmD

From the Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York (Dr Pham, Dr Cohen); Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York (Dr Pham); and Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York (Dr Cohen, Dr Chu).

Diabetic complications have been reduced significantly with the introduction of insulin more than 8 decades prior. Despite the proven benefits of normal glycemic levels, patients are deterred by the inconvenience and expect worse pain than there is on average with multiple daily insulin injections. Inhaled insulin was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in early 2006 and is a novel product that introduces inhaled insulin as an alternate to the traditional subcutaneous delivery system, and hence could potentially improve patient compliance. The objective of this article is to review the clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, clinical efficacy, and tolerability of inhaled insulin.

Key Words: Inhaled insulin • Exubera • clinical trials • efficacy • adverse effects

Address for correspondence: David Q. Pham, PharmD, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Division of Pharmacy Practice, 75 DeKalb Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11201-5497; e-mail: david.pham{at}liu.edu.






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