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Danshen: An Overview of Its Chemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Use

From the School of Pharmacy and Drug Development Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, SAR, PRC.

Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been widely used in China and, to a lesser extent, in Japan, the United States, and other European countries for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In China, the specific clinical use is angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia, and acute ischemic stroke. The current review covers its traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics, clinical applications, and potential herb-drug interactions based on information obtained in both the English and Chinese literature. Although numerous clinical trials have demonstrated that certain Danshen products in China are effective and safe for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, most of these lack sufficient quality. Therefore, large randomized clinical trials and further scientific research to determine its mechanism of actions will be necessary to ensure the safety, effectiveness, and better understanding of its action.

Key Words: Danshen • Salvia miltiorrhiza • danshensu • salvianolic acid B • tanshinone IIA

Address for reprints: Zhong Zuo, School of Pharmacy, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong; e-mail: joanzuo{at}cuhk.edu.hk.

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