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PHARMACOKINETICS |
From the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine (Dr Stoner, Ms Sardo, Dr Aziz), and the Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine (Dr Apseloff, Ms Singh), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Abbott Laboratories-Ross Products Division, Columbus, Ohio (Mr Wargo, Ms Pound, Mr Sanders); and the Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (Dr Casto, Dr Sun).
Eleven subjects completed a clinical trial to determine the safety/tolerability of freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB) and to measure, in plasma and urine, specific anthocyanins-cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-xylosylrutinoside, as well as ellagic acid. Subjects were fed 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily for 7 days. Blood samples were collected predose on days 1 and 7 and at 10 time points postdose. Urine was collected for 12 hours predose on days 1 and 7 and at three 4-hour intervals postdose. Maximum concentrations of anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma occurred at 1 to 2 hours, and maximum quantities in urine appeared from 0 to 4 hours. Overall, less than 1% of these compounds were absorbed and excreted in urine. None of the pharmacokinetic parameters changed significantly between days 1 and 7. In conclusion, 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily are well tolerated and result in quantifiable anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma and urine.
Key Words: Anthocynanins • flavonoids • oxidative stress • ellagic acid • carcinogens • berries
Address for reprints: Gary D. Stoner, PhD, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 1148 James CHRI, 300 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210.
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